Maintenance management of airflow obstruction in patients with COPD.
Action
Umeclidinium– acts as an anticholinergic by inhibiting M3 muscarinic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation vilanterol– a beta2 -adrergic agonist stimulates adenyl cyclase, resulting in accumulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate at beta2 –adrenergic receptors resulting in bronchodilation.
Therapeutic Effect(s):
Bronchodilation with decreased airflow obstruction.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Umeclidinium– minimal oral absorption; remainder of absorption occurs in lungs; vilanterol– minimal oral absorption; remainder of absorption occurs in lungs. Total amount of systemic absorption of both drugs is small.
Distribution: Unknown.
Metabolism and Excretion: Umeclidinium– primarily metabolized by CYP2D6, metabolites do not contribute to bronchodilation; vilanterol– primarily metabolized by CYP3A4, metabolites do not contribute to bronchodilation.
Geri: Elderly patients may be more sensitive to drug effects;
OB: Use during pregnancy only if potential benefit justifies potential fetal risk;
Pedi: Safe and effective use in children has not been established.
Exercise Extreme Caution in:
Concurrent use with MAOIs or tricyclic antidepressants (↑ risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions from vilanterol).
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
Combination
CNS: headache, vertigo
Resp: cough, pharyngitis, sinusitis
CV: chest pain, pleuritic pain
GI: abdominal pain, nausea
MS: arthralgia, back pain, extremity pain, muscle spasms, neck pain
Misc: hypersensitivity reactions, tooth pain
Umeclidinium
EENT: acute narrow-angle glaucoma
Resp: PARADOXICAL BRONCHOSPASM
CV: chest pain
GU: urinary retention
Vilanterol
CV: arrhythmias, ECG changes, hypertension
Endo: hyperglycemia
F and E: hypokalemia
Misc: ASTHMA-RELATED DEATH
* CAPITALS indicate life-threatening. Underline indicate most frequent.
Interactions
Drug-Drug
↑ risk of adverse anticholinergic adverse reactions when used concurrently with other anticholinergics (avoid concurrent use).
Concurrent use with MAOIs or tricyclic antidepressants ↑ risk of adverse cardiovascular reactions from vilanterol (use with extreme caution).
Concurrent use with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors including ketoconazole may ↑ risk of adverse cardiovascular effects (use cautiously).
Concurrent use with non-potassium sparing diuretics may ↑ risk of hypokalemia and adverse cardiovascular reactions (use cautiously).
Concurrent use with beta blockers may ↓ effectiveness and cause severe bronchospasm (use cautiously).
Should not be used concurrently with any other long-acting beta2 -adrenergic blockers.
Route/Dosage
Inhaln (Adults): One inhalation (umeclidinium 62.5 mcg/vilanterol 25 mcg) once daily.
Availability
Inhalation powder (contains lactose): umeclidinium 62.5 mcg/vilanterol 25 mcg in a two-strip blister per dose
Assessment
Assess lung sounds, pulse, and BP before administration and periodically during therapy.
Observe for paradoxical bronchospasm (wheezing, dyspnea, tightness in chest) and hypersensitivity reaction (rash; urticaria; swelling of the face, lips, or eyelids). If condition occurs, discontinue medication, notify health care professional immediately, and treat symptomatically.
Assess for signs and symptoms of acute narrow-angle glaucoma (eye pain or discomfort, blurred vision, visual halos or colored images in association with red eyes from conjunctival congestion and corneal edema). Notify health care professional immediately if symptoms occur.
See medication administration techniques for administration of inhalation medications. Once removed from foil tray, discard inhaler when counter reads 0 or 6 wk have passed, whichever comes first. Inhaler is not reusable; do not attempt to take inhaler apart.
When umeclidinium/vilanterol is administered concurrently with other inhalation medications, administer short-acting adrenergic bronchodilators first, followed by umeclidinium/vilanterol, then corticosteroids. Wait 5 min between medications.
Patient/Family Teaching
Instruct patient in proper use of inhaler and to take medication at the same time each day as directed. Do not stop without consulting health care professional. Take missed doses as soon as remembered during day. Do not double doses or take 2 doses in 1 day. Advise patient to read Medication Guide and Instructions for Use before starting therapy and with each Rx refill in case of changes.
Instruct patient using never to exhale into inhaler device and always to hold device in a level horizontal position. Mouthpiece should be kept dry; never wash.
Caution patient not to use umeclidinium/vilanterol to treat asthma or acute symptoms. A rapid-acting inhaled beta-adrenergic bronchodilator should be used for relief of acute attacks.
Advise patient to notify health care professional immediately if difficulty in breathing persists after use of umeclidinium/vilanterol, if condition worsens, or if more inhalations of rapid-acting bronchodilator than usual are needed to relieve an acute attack.
Advise patient to notify health care professional if signs and symptoms of urinary retention (difficulty urinating, painful urination, urinating frequently, urination in a weak stream or drips) or palpitations, chest pain, rapid heart rate, tremor, or nervousness occur
Advise patient to notify health care professional of all Rx or OTC medications, vitamins, or herbal products being taken and to consult with health care professional before taking other medications.
Advise female patient to notify health care professional if pregnancy is planned or suspected or if breastfeeding.
Emphasize the importance of regular follow-up exams to determine progress during therapy.
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes
Decreased dyspnea
Improved breath sounds in patients with COPD.
umeclidinium/vilanterol is a sample topic from the Davis's Drug Guide.
Nursing Central is an award-winning, complete mobile solution for nurses and students. Look up information on diseases, tests, and procedures; then consult the database with 5,000+ drugs or refer to 65,000+ dictionary terms. Complete Product Information.