(de-for′mĭt-ē )
[L. deformitas, ugliness, deformity]
Alteration in or distortion of the natural form of a part, organ, or the entire body. It may be acquired or congenital. If present after injury, deformity usually implies the presence of bone fracture, bone dislocation, or both. It may be due to extensive swelling, extravasation of blood, or rupture of muscles and severe contracture of scar tissue.
Abnormal anterior convexity of the spine.
SYN: SEE: lordosis
A sharply tapering loop of bowel seen on plain films of the abdomen in patients with a volvulus (twisting or torsion) of the sigmoid colon.
A finger position marked by extension of the metacarpophalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint. This condition outwardly resembles a pseudoboutonnière deformity.
SEE: pseudoboutonnière deformity
ETIOLOGY
A rupture of the central extensor tendon of the involved finger. The tendon then displaces palmarly relative to the proximal interphalangeal joint.
TREATMENT
The finger is splinted with the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints in extension. Surgery may be required for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.
A radiologic sign seen in Colles fracture of the radius. The dorsal displacement and angulation of the distal fragment of the radius results in a contour, seen in the lateral projection, similar to the curve of a dinner fork.
A deformity in which the forearm, when extended, makes an angle with the arm because of displacement of the axis of the extended arm. It is caused by a condylar fracture at the elbow.
SEE: Haglund deformity
Horizontal sharp grooving in a band across the tip of the nailbed. It is caused by biting or picking the proximal nail fold of the thumb with the index fingernail.
SEE: Madelung deformity
A form of osteolysis found in severe inflammatory arthritis, esp. in the finger and toe joints. The deformity is characterized by thinning of the phalangeal shaft and widening of its base proximal to the joint space.
A finger posture marked by extension of the metacarpophalangeal and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints and flexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. This condition outwardly resembles a boutonnière deformity. It can be diagnosed by performing the boutonnière deformity examination and asking the patient to flex the DIP joint extension of the PIP joint. If the patient cannot extend the PIP joint but can actively flex the DIP joint, a pseudoboutonnière deformity is indicated.
SEE: boutonnière deformity
ETIOLOGY
A rupture of the volar plate over the area of the proximal and middle phalanges causes the volar plate to displace dorsally relative to the PIP joint.
TREATMENT
The finger is splinted with the PIP and DIP joints in extension. Surgery may be required for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.
An obsolete term for ulnar deviation of the fingers in rheumatoid arthritis.
The peculiar deformity seen in Colles fracture of the forearm, resembling the curve on the back of a fork.
SEE: Colles fracture
SEE: Sprengel deformity
Fusiform enlargement of the proximal and middle phalanges, seen in rickets.
A finger deformity marked by flexion of the distal interphalangeal joints and hyperextension of the proximal interphalangeal joints, often seen in rheumatoid arthritis.
SEE: Velpeau, Alfred