injury

(in′jŭ-rē )

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[L. injuria, injustice]
Blunt or penetrating trauma or damage to a part of the body. SEE: transportation of the injured; SEE TABLE: Traumatic Injuries

SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
Various symptoms may occur depending on the nature, extent, and severity of the damage. Mild injury produces pain, tissue swelling, redness, and temporary disruption of tissue function. Severe injury may result in irretrievable loss of the function of an organ, massive hemorrhage, or shock.

Traumatic Injuries

Type of Injury	Parts of the Body Frequently Affected	Common Causes
Amputation	Limbs	Explosions; motor vehicle accidents; falls
Avulsion	Skin	Falls; scrapes
Bite	Hands; face	Pets (dogs and cats); humans (interpersonal violence)
Blast	Exposed body parts; hearing	Explosions
Burn	Limbs	Cooking; accidental fires
Contusion	Face; limbs; trunk	Falls; interpersonal violence; sports accidents
Crush	Limbs	Building collapse; motor vehicle accidents; occupational accidents
Dislocations	Limb joints	Falls; sports; vehicular accidents
Fractures	Long bones; vertebrae	Falls; sports; vehicular accidents
Inhalation	Airways; mouth, nasopharynx	Fires
Laceration	Limbs, face	Knives, glass, other sharp objects; falls; sports
Overuse	Tendons and muscles of the limbs	Repetitive use on the job or in sports
Penetration	Any	Gunshots; sharp objects
Traumatic brain injury	Head	Falls; sports; vehicular accidents

Mechanisms of Brain Injury

Type of Injury	Examples
Penetrating injury	Gunshot wounds
Contact injury	Injuries during boxing or helmet-to-helmet collisions in football
Acceleration-deceleration injury	Automotive collisions
Rotational acceleration-deceleration injury	Falls from a height

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